Chip ya LED ni iki? Ni ibihe bintu biranga? Gukora ibyuma bya LED bigamije cyane cyane gukora amashanyarazi meza kandi yizewe ya ohmic yohasi ya electrode, ishobora guhura nigabanuka rya voltage ntoya hagati yibikoresho byitumanaho kandi igatanga udupapuro two kugurisha, mugihe itanga urumuri rushoboka. Gahunda yo kohereza firime muri rusange ikoresha uburyo bwo guhumeka. Munsi ya 4Pa icyuho kinini, ibikoresho byashongeshejwe nubushyuhe bwo gushyushya cyangwa uburyo bwo gushyushya ibisasu bya elegitoronike, hanyuma BZX79C18 ihinduka imyuka yicyuma igashyirwa hejuru yibikoresho bya semiconductor munsi yumuvuduko muke.
Ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwa P burimo ibinyobwa nka AuBe na AuZn, mugihe icyuma cya N-cyerekezo gikunze gukorwa na AuGeNi. Igice cya alloy cyakozwe nyuma yo gutwikirwa nacyo kigomba kwerekana ahantu hasohora urumuri hashoboka hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya Photolithography, kugirango igisigara gisigaye gishobore kuzuza ibisabwa bya elegitoronike yo mu bwoko bwa ohmic ikora neza kandi yizewe. Nyuma yo gufotora birangiye, inzira yo kuvanga nayo irakorwa, mubisanzwe irinzwe na H2 cyangwa N2. Igihe nubushyuhe bwo kuvanga mubisanzwe bigenwa nibintu nkibiranga ibikoresho bya semiconductor nuburyo bw itanura rya alloy. Byumvikane ko, niba inzira ya electrode yubururu-icyatsi kibisi irushijeho kuba ingorabahizi, gukura kwa firime ya passivation hamwe na plasma yogukora bigomba kongerwamo.

Mubikorwa byo gukora LED chip, niyihe nzira igira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yabo ya optoelectronic?
Muri rusange, nyuma yo kurangiza umusaruro wa LED epitaxial, ibintu byingenzi byamashanyarazi byararangiye, kandi gukora chip ntabwo bihindura imiterere yibanze. Ariko, ibintu bidakwiye mugihe cyo gutwikira no kuvanga ibintu bishobora gutera ibice bimwe byamashanyarazi. Kurugero, ubushyuhe buke cyangwa buringaniye bushobora gutera umubyigano mubi wa ohmic, niyo mpanvu nyamukuru yo kugabanuka kwinshi kwa voltage igabanuka VF mugukora chip. Nyuma yo gukata, gukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe byangirika kumpande za chip birashobora gufasha mugutezimbere kwinyuma ya chip. Ibi ni ukubera ko nyuma yo gukata hamwe nicyuma gisya cya diyama, hazaba ifu nini yimyanda isigaye kumpera ya chip. Niba ibyo bice bifatanye na PN ihuza chip ya LED, bizatera amashanyarazi ndetse no gusenyuka. Byongeye kandi, niba abafotora hejuru ya chip badakuweho neza, bizatera ingorane no kugurisha muburyo bwo kugurisha imbere. Niba iri inyuma, bizatera kandi umuvuduko ukabije. Mugihe cyo gukora chip, uburyo nkubuso bwo hejuru no guca mubice bya trapezoidal ihindagurika birashobora kongera ubukana bwurumuri.

Kuki chip ya LED igabanijwemo ubunini butandukanye? Ni izihe ngaruka z'ubunini ku mikorere y'amafoto ya LED?
Ingano ya LED chip irashobora kugabanywamo amashanyarazi make, amashanyarazi aciriritse, hamwe nimbaraga zikomeye ukurikije imbaraga zabo. Ukurikije ibyifuzo byabakiriya, irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro nkurwego rumwe rukumbi, urwego rwa digitale, urwego rwa dot matrix, hamwe no kumurika imitako. Kubijyanye nubunini bwihariye bwa chip, biterwa nurwego nyirizina rwo gukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye kandi nta bisabwa byihariye. Igihe cyose inzira igeze kurwego rusanzwe, uduce duto dushobora kongera umusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro, kandi imikorere ya optoelectronic ntabwo izahinduka. Ibiriho bikoreshwa na chip mubyukuri bifitanye isano nubucucike buriho. Chip ntoya ikoresha amashanyarazi make, mugihe chip nini ikoresha byinshi bigezweho. Ubucucike bwibice byabo muri rusange ni bimwe. Urebye ko gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe aricyo kibazo nyamukuru munsi yumuyaga mwinshi, imikorere yacyo yumucyo iri munsi yibyo munsi yumuyaga muke. Ku rundi ruhande, uko agace kiyongera, kurwanya umubiri wa chip bizagabanuka, bigatuma igabanuka ryumuvuduko wimbere.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwa LED ifite ingufu nyinshi? Kubera iki?
LED ifite ingufu nyinshi zikoreshwa mumucyo wera zisanzwe ziboneka kumasoko hafi 40mil, kandi gukoresha ingufu za chip-power nyinshi muri rusange bivuga ingufu z'amashanyarazi hejuru ya 1W. Bitewe nuko kwant ikora neza muri rusange iri munsi ya 20%, ingufu nyinshi zamashanyarazi zihindurwamo ingufu zubushyuhe, bityo rero gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa chip-power nini ni ngombwa cyane kandi bisaba chip kugira ahantu hanini.

Nibihe bisabwa bitandukanye mubikorwa bya chip nibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho bya GaN epitaxial ugereranije na GaP, GaAs, na InGaAlP? Kubera iki?
Substrates ya LED isanzwe itukura numuhondo hamwe numucyo mwinshi wa quaternary umutuku numuhondo bikozwe mubikoresho bya semiconductor compound nka GaP na GaAs, kandi mubisanzwe birashobora gukorwa muburyo bwa N-substrate. Uburyo butose bukoreshwa mugufotora, hanyuma ibyuma bisya bya diyama bikoreshwa mugukata uduce. Chip yubururu-icyatsi gikozwe mubikoresho bya GaN ikoresha substrate ya safiro. Bitewe nimiterere ya safiro substrate, ntishobora gukoreshwa nka electrode imwe ya LED. Kubwibyo, byombi P / N electrode igomba guhimbirwa icyarimwe hejuru ya epitaxial binyuze muburyo bwumye, kandi inzira zimwe na zimwe zigomba gukorwa. Bitewe n'uburemere bwa safiro, biragoye kuyicamo uduce hamwe na diyama yo gusya. Ibikorwa byayo mubusanzwe biragoye kandi biragoye kuruta LED ikozwe mubikoresho bya GaP cyangwa GaAs.

Ni ubuhe buryo n'ibiranga chip ya “transparent electrode”?
Ibyo bita electrode ibonerana igomba kuba ikora kandi ikorera mu mucyo. Ibi bikoresho ubu bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo gutunganya ibintu bya kristu, kandi izina ryayo ni indium tin oxyde, mu magambo ahinnye nka ITO, ariko ntishobora gukoreshwa nka padi. Mugihe ukora, banza ukore electrode ya ohmic hejuru ya chip, hanyuma utwikire hejuru hamwe na ITO hanyuma ushireho urwego rwabacuruzi hejuru ya ITO. Muri ubu buryo, ibimanuka biva kumurongo bigabanijwe neza kuri buri ohmic contact electrode binyuze murwego rwa ITO. Muri icyo gihe, ITO, kubera igipimo cyayo cyo kwanga kiri hagati y’ikirere n’ibikoresho bya epitaxial, irashobora kongera inguni y’imyuka y’umucyo n’urumuri rutemba.

Ni ubuhe buryo rusange bwiterambere rya tekinoroji ya chip yo kumurika igice cya kabiri?
Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor LED, ikoreshwa ryayo murwego rwo kumurika naryo riragenda ryiyongera, cyane cyane kugaragara kwa LED yera, byahindutse ingingo ishyushye mumatara ya semiconductor. Nyamara, urufunguzo rwibanze rwa tekinoroji hamwe nububiko bwo gupakira biracyakenewe kunozwa, kandi kubijyanye na chip, dukeneye kwiteza imbere tugana ingufu nyinshi, urumuri rwinshi, kandi rugabanya ubukana bwumuriro. Kongera imbaraga bisobanura kwiyongera kurubu bikoreshwa na chip, kandi inzira itaziguye ni ukongera ubunini bwa chip. Imashini zikoreshwa cyane zifite ingufu zingana na 1mm × 1mm, hamwe na 350mA. Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'imikoreshereze ya none, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe byabaye ikibazo gikomeye, none iki kibazo cyakemuwe ahanini hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa chip inversion. Hamwe niterambere rya tekinoroji ya LED, kuyikoresha mubijyanye no kumurika bizahura n'amahirwe atigeze abaho.

“Flip chip” ni iki? Imiterere yayo ni iyihe? Ni izihe nyungu zayo?
Ubururu LED busanzwe bukoresha substrate ya Al2O3, ifite ubukana bwinshi, ubushyuhe buke n'amashanyarazi. Niba imiterere myiza ikoreshwa, izazana ibibazo birwanya static kuruhande rumwe, kurundi ruhande, gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe nabyo bizaba ikibazo gikomeye mubihe biri hejuru. Hagati aho, kubera electrode nziza ireba hejuru, igice cyumucyo kizahagarikwa, bigatuma kugabanuka kumikorere. Imbaraga nyinshi z'ubururu LED zirashobora kugera kumucyo mwinshi binyuze muburyo bwa chip inversion kuruta tekinoroji yo gupakira.
Inzira nyamukuru ihindagurika yuburyo ubu ni ukubanza gutegura chip nini nini yubururu LED hamwe na electrode ikwiye ya eutectic, hanyuma mugihe kimwe utegura insimburangingo nini ya silicon nini kuruta chip yubururu LED, hanyuma ugakora urwego ruyobora zahabu hanyuma ukayobora insinga layer (ultrasonic zahabu wire ball kugurisha hamwe) kuri eutectic kugurisha kuri yo. Hanyuma, chip yubururu ifite ingufu nyinshi LED igurishwa muri substrate ya silicon ikoresheje ibikoresho byo kugurisha eutectic.
Ikiranga iyi miterere nuko epitaxial layer ihuza byimazeyo na silicon substrate, kandi ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa silicon substrate ni munsi cyane ugereranije nubwa safiro, bityo ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe gikemutse neza. Bitewe na safiro ihindagurika ireba hejuru, ihinduka urumuri rusohora urumuri, na safiro iragaragara, bityo ikemura ikibazo cyo kohereza urumuri. Ibyavuzwe haruguru nubumenyi bujyanye na tekinoroji ya LED. Twizera ko hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, amatara ya LED azaza kurushaho gukora neza kandi ubuzima bwabo bwa serivisi buzatera imbere cyane, bitworohereze.